Production is strictly controlled and follows an extensive set of instructions established for reproducibility. A cermet film layer and a glass-over are deposited on a high grade (Al2O3) ceramic substrate with its prepared inner contacts on both sides. A special laser is used to achieve the target value by smoothly fine trimming the resistive layer without damaging the ceramics. The resistor elements are covered by a protective coating designed for electrical, mechanical and climatic protection. The terminations receive a final pure tin on nickel plating. The result of the determined production is verified by an extensive testing procedure on 100 % of the individual chip resistors. Only accepted products are laid directly into the tape in accordance with IEC 60286-3 Type 1a and Type 2a (1).